EU prepares for a grim future with new climate-proofing law 

BRUSSELS — Hope for the best, prepare for the worst. The European Commission updated its approach to dealing with climate change along those lines on Tuesday with a package aimed at improving the bloc’s response to mounting disasters such as extreme heat, supercharged storms and worsening wildfires. Unveiling its first-ever law to boost the bloc’s resilience to global warming, the EU executive conceded that merely slashing planet-warming emissions is insufficient as climate extremes wreak havoc across the continent.

“There is no alternative to continue to cut emissions more forcefully and to move full-frontal into clean energy,” Climate Commissioner Wopke Hoekstra told reporters. “But at the same time, we do have to acknowledge that the problems we're facing have morphed into something that is so large that just doing that alone unfortunately no longer is good enough.” The Commission’s proposed Climate Resilience Law asks governments to draft plans to prepare for a world that’s 2 degrees Celsius hotter in 2050 and 3C hotter by the end of the century, aligning with the United Nations’ latest projections that current global climate policies can only limit warming to 2.8C.

The same U.N. report also warned that the world can no longer limit warming to 1.5C, the lower bound of the Paris Agreement’s dual goals, and that steep emissions cuts are needed to achieve the best-case scenario of halting the rise in global temperatures at 1.8C. The Commission insisted that Tuesday’s package did not amount to Brussels resigning itself to catastrophic levels of warming. “Let me just be crystal-clear on the 1.5C, that remains our goal,” said Hoekstra.

“At the same time, it would be unwise not to prepare for… the current trajectory the world is on.” Regulation for the deregulation era Under the proposed law, governments are “encouraged” to take the 3C scenario into account when designing policies, budgets and investments. Countries will have to carry out national climate risk assessments every five years starting in 2029, and subsequently draw up climate-proofing plans by the end of 2030.

These strategies should also indicate which public authorities are in charge of managing certain climate risks to avoid inaction and finger-pointing among ministries and agencies. The fairly light-touch legislation reflects the prevailing mood in the EU. Brussels itself has committed to a deregulation agenda, and national governments have called for fewer rules, not more, particularly where climate and the environment are concerned. Efforts to improve resilience to weather extremes, such as flood prevention or urban greening, are also largely a national and even local responsibility, with the EU holding limited powers.

Wopke Hoekstra looks on during the European Industry Summit in Antwerp, Belgium on Feb. 11, 2026. | Nicolas Tucat/AFP via Getty Images Even the limited rules proposed on Tuesday are already raising eyebrows. “I strongly support a clearer allocation of responsibilities,” said Peter Liese, the lead climate lawmaker of the center-right European People’s Party. But, he added, “we need to examine whether the plans, in the form proposed by the Commission, are necessary.

Plans alone do not protect people and could tie up resources unnecessarily if we do not design them pragmatically.” Others argued the law was too limited. "The danger is a framework that tells us exactly how exposed we are and then commits us to nothing," said Greens-affiliated lawmaker Kai Tegethoff. "Europe needs binding resilience targets and clear, measurable goals for the sectors most at risk." The Commission, for its part, has sought to appeal to governments' concerns over the EU’s economic competitiveness by emphasizing the wealth-destroying threat of climate disasters and the business potential of climate-proofing technologies.

“Some may say resilience is expensive. But the right question is, what is the real cost of being unprepared,” said Teresa Ribera, the Commission’s executive vice president in charge of the green transition. Both she and Hoekstra cited data showing the impact of heat on GDP as an example . “Europe cannot be competitive without being resilient,” she added. In the wider package presented Tuesday, the Commission also highlighted the emerging market for climate technologies such as drought-resilient crops and cooling solutions, casting European industry as a front-runner in that sector.

As the EU is currently negotiating its next long-term budget, the package does not come with any funding attached, despite financing often acting as the biggest barrier to climate-proofing efforts. The bloc needs to invest around €70 billion a year by 2050 to adapt to a warmer world but currently only spends €29 billion. More where that came from While presenting new obligations for governments, the Commission also promised to push ahead with work in Brussels.

The European Environment Agency will draw up bloc-wide climate risk assessments, with the next one due in June 2028, and the Commission will present an EU “strategic plan on climate resilience” by the end of September 2028. Progress will be assessed regularly based on four criteria — climate-related deaths, economic losses attributable to global warming, the share of uninsured losses, and related fiscal costs. The Commission’s Eurostat agency will start compiling EU-wide statistics on climate-related deaths and economic losses by the end of 2030, according to the regulation.

Beyond the legislative efforts, the EU executive also presented a wider package that includes several digital tools, including a “climate viewer” that converts the new warming scenario into local projections policymakers can use. The Commission also vowed to take into account the new 3C warming scenario in all its future policy proposals. Further steps, including a heat wave action plan and a climate insurance alliance, are planned for next year, it said.

"I wouldn't say that we're nearly done," said Hoekstra. "Much of this is going to be work in progress." And if climate change continues getting worse, he added, “this package might well need to be beefed up.”