RSF Massacres Civilians and Seizes El-Fasher, Sudan’s Army Collapses in Darfur

After a prolonged siege, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) seized el-Fasher, North Darfur’s capital.

“The World Health Organization condemned the killing of more than 460 patients and companions at a Saudi Maternity Hospital in El-Fasher, Sudan, after the city was captured by the Rapid Support Forces following an 18-month siege”

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Reports indicate mass atrocities, including the killing of more than 460 patients and companions at the Saudi Maternity Hospital and verified executions of unarmed civilians.

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Coverage varies on the length and toll of the siege, with some describing an 18-month encirclement that ended with the RSF takeover.

Others cite a roughly 500-day blockade that had already claimed well over a thousand lives.

Beyond the immediate massacres, outlets document a deliberate starvation campaign against the city.

El-Fasher was ringed by an earthen berm, aid was blocked, and civilians faced extreme famine conditions during and after the assault.

Overall war figures differ across reports, but many characterize Sudan’s catastrophe as among the world’s worst.

The conflict has caused massive displacement and death on a national scale.

Multiple investigations and rights reports describe systematic atrocities that many officials and outlets characterize as genocide or ethnic cleansing.

Satellite analysis by Yale’s Humanitarian Research Lab is repeatedly cited for confirming mass killings, mass graves, and the RSF’s takeover of key Sudanese Armed Forces sites.

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Reporting also details targeted violence against non-Arab groups such as the Fur, Zaghawa, Berti, and Masalit.

Some coverage explicitly notes that Sudan’s government labeled the El-Fasher mass killings as genocide, while others describe them as “systematic ethnic cleansing.”

Both framings are grounded in documented patterns of public executions, house-to-house killings, and attacks on hospitals and aid workers.

Humanitarian conditions in and around el-Fasher are dire.

“Since Sunday, over 36,000 residents have fled a besieged area in Sudan where more than 200,000 people remain trapped under an 18-month blockade imposed by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF)”

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Reports speak of civilians trapped without food or medicine, mass flight to nearby towns, and communications blackouts that impede casualty tracking.

Estimates of those trapped differ—some cite about 177,000 civilians sealed in by an RSF blockade, others recall roughly 250,000 people caught inside during the siege.

Displacement since the fall surged by tens of thousands within days.

Several outlets call Sudan the world’s largest humanitarian crisis, with famine and disease compounding displacement measured in the many millions nationwide.

International reaction spans urgent condemnations and calls for accountability alongside diplomatic efforts amid contentious allegations of foreign arming of the RSF.

The UN Security Council, major governments, and rights groups condemned killings, rapes, and attacks on health facilities.

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In Washington, the Senate Foreign Relations chair urged designating the RSF as a Foreign Terrorist Organization.

Alongside punitive rhetoric, UN mediation has invited both sides to technical talks.

Multiple outlets report mounting pressure on the UAE over alleged RSF support, which Abu Dhabi denies.

Some sources highlight a broader failure to stem external arms flows that are fueling atrocities.

On the battlefield and politically, accounts converge that the army lost its last foothold in Darfur while diverging on how the withdrawal and RSF control are framed.

“The conflict involving the RSF has resulted in over 40,000 deaths and displaced more than 14 million people, creating a severe humanitarian crisis marked by trauma, malnutrition, famine, and disease”

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Some reports say army chief Abdel Fattah al‑Burhan announced a withdrawal from el‑Fasher to protect civilians, as the RSF claimed control and promised to maintain order.

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Others simply report the RSF seized the city after the army pulled back.

Several outlets add that the RSF has tried to install a parallel or rival government, effectively dividing Sudan along an east‑west line and deepening the country’s fragmentation as diplomacy stalls.